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Upstream

Upstream 是虚拟主机抽象,对给定的多个服务节点按照配置规则进行负载均衡。Upstream 的地址信息可以直接配置到 Route(或 Service) 上,当 Upstream 有重复时,就需要用“引用”方式避免重复了。

Upstream 示例

如上图所示,通过创建 Upstream 对象,在 Route 用 ID 方式引用,就可以确保只维护一个对象的值了。

Upstream 的配置可以被直接绑定在指定 Route 中,也可以被绑定在 Service 中,不过 Route 中的配置 优先级更高。这里的优先级行为与 Plugin 非常相似

配置参数#

APISIX 的 Upstream 除了基本的负载均衡算法选择外,还支持对上游做主被动健康检查、重试等逻辑,具体看这个链接

创建上游对象用例:

curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/upstreams/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '{    "type": "chash",    "key": "remote_addr",    "nodes": {        "127.0.0.1:80": 1,        "foo.com:80": 2    }}'

上游对象创建后,均可以被具体 RouteService 引用,例如:

curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '{    "uri": "/index.html",    "upstream_id": 2}'

为了方便使用,也可以直接把上游地址直接绑到某个 RouteService ,例如:

curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '{    "uri": "/index.html",    "plugins": {        "limit-count": {            "count": 2,            "time_window": 60,            "rejected_code": 503,            "key": "remote_addr"        }    },    "upstream": {        "type": "roundrobin",        "nodes": {            "39.97.63.215:80": 1        }    }}'

下面是一个配置了健康检查的示例:

curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '{    "uri": "/index.html",    "plugins": {        "limit-count": {            "count": 2,            "time_window": 60,            "rejected_code": 503,            "key": "remote_addr"        }    },    "upstream": {         "nodes": {            "39.97.63.215:80": 1        }        "type": "roundrobin",        "retries": 2,        "checks": {            "active": {                "http_path": "/status",                "host": "foo.com",                "healthy": {                    "interval": 2,                    "successes": 1                },                "unhealthy": {                    "interval": 1,                    "http_failures": 2                }            }        }    }}'

更多细节可以参考健康检查的文档

下面是几个使用不同hash_on类型的配置示例:

Consumer#

创建一个 consumer 对象:

curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/consumers -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '{    "username": "jack",    "plugins": {    "key-auth": {           "key": "auth-jack"        }    }}'

新建路由,打开key-auth插件认证,upstreamhash_on类型为consumer

curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '{    "plugins": {        "key-auth": {}    },    "upstream": {        "nodes": {            "127.0.0.1:1980": 1,            "127.0.0.1:1981": 1        },        "type": "chash",        "hash_on": "consumer"    },    "uri": "/server_port"}'

测试请求,认证通过后的consumer_name将作为负载均衡哈希算法的哈希值:

curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/server_port -H "apikey: auth-jack"
Cookie#

新建路由和Upstreamhash_on类型为cookie

curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '{    "uri": "/hash_on_cookie",    "upstream": {        "key": "sid",        "type ": "chash",        "hash_on ": "cookie",        "nodes ": {            "127.0.0.1:1980": 1,            "127.0.0.1:1981": 1        }    }}'

客户端请求携带Cookie

 curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/hash_on_cookie -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -H "Cookie: sid=3c183a30cffcda1408daf1c61d47b274"
Header#

新建路由和Upstreamhash_on类型为headerkeycontent-type

curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '{    "uri": "/hash_on_header",    "upstream": {        "key": "content-type",        "type ": "chash",        "hash_on ": "header",        "nodes ": {            "127.0.0.1:1980": 1,            "127.0.0.1:1981": 1        }    }}'

客户端请求携带content-typeheader

 curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/hash_on_header -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -H "Content-Type: application/json"